H. Sweet

Blade

“Lower blade” implies, of course, the lower instead of the upper surface of the tongue.

Breathe

The same sound may be pronounces either breathed, voiced, or whispered.

Breathed elements, being already voiceless, remain unchanged [in whispering].

Devocalize

If we take a high vowel, such as (i) [= nearly i of bit], and devocalize it, we obtain a hiss which is quite distinct enough to stand for a weak (jh).

Hiss

“Hiss” implies audible friction of breath consonants.

Leap

Changes of tone may proceed either by leaps or glides.

Sepulchral

This exaggerated dulling of the voice . . . giving what is commonly called a sepulchral tone.

Short

If we compare the nearest conventional shorts and longs in English, as in “bit” and “beat,” “not” and “naught,” we find that the short vowels are generally wide, the long narrow, besides being generally diphthongic as well. Hence, originally short vowels can be lengthened and yet kept quite distinct from the original longs.

Syllabification

Syllabification depends not on mere force, but on discontinuity of force.