Bacterioscopy /(băk*tē`rĭ*ŏs"kō̇*py̆)/

Bac·te·ri·os·co·py

Bacterioscopy

n.
  1. The application of a knowledge of bacteria for their detection and identification, as in the examination of polluted water. (Biol.)
  2. Microscopic examination or investigation of bacteria.